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Moscow authorities predict that by 2030 there will be 315,000 electric vehicles in the capital. For such a fleet of cars, the appropriate infrastructure will be needed – by that time there will be more than 12,000 charging stations in Moscow. "Vedomosti. The city" found out where the new charges will be placed and what may interfere with the development of electric charging stations (ECS) network.

Alexey Shaposhnikov, Chairman of the Moscow City Duma, announced plans to increase the number of electric filling stations in Moscow in October. He referred to the forecasts of the Department of Transport and Moscow Architecture, according to which the number of passenger cars by 2030 will increase from the current 4 million to 4.6 million, while 6.8% of them will be electric vehicles. Such growth will require a radical increase in the number of charging stations.

How the number of charging stations is growing

There are already more than 3,000 ECS in Moscow, according to data from the Moscow Department of Transport. For comparison, there are about 6,000 charging stations in London, more than 2,000 in Paris and Berlin, and less than 400 in Rome. Locations have already been identified for the installation of about 800 new ECS. They are planned to be built before the middle of 2028 – this provides for the layout of the ECS in the capital, approved by the Moscow Department of Transport. About a third of them will be located in the central districts, including Tverskoy, Tagansky, etc. Approximately 90 charging stations will be opened in the south and west of the city. About 160 more are in the north and northeast of the capital. The ECS will also be installed in the Eastern, Southeastern and Northwestern districts - approximately 40 stations each. About 60 more are in the southwest. Several ECS will also appear in Zelenograd and new Moscow. In total, by 2030, about 12,000 ECS should be operating in Moscow, Shaposhnikov said.

In this amount, the density of the ECS network in the city will be one station for every 200 sq. m. This is higher than the indicator provided for by the Concept of Electric Transport development in Russia – it says that in large megacities it is advisable to place charging stations at a distance of no more than 4 square kilometers.

Now, according to the latest data from the analytical agency Autostat (as of July 1, 2023), there are about 5,200 passenger electric vehicles in Moscow. And although their number has increased 8 times in three years (from 700 units in 2020), this is only 0.1% of the total number of passenger cars in the city. At the same time, about a quarter of the "electric trains" (in Russian pronounced as “electrichka”) are registered with the organization. Thus, the share of passenger electric vehicles owned by citizens is even lower – 0.04%. The transport strategy of the Moscow region provides for an increase in this figure to 6.8% by 2030.

Most Moscow stations are operated by private operators. The cost of recharging depends on the capacity of the station, its location, as well as on the tariff policy of the company. The cost of 1 kWh in the capital varies from 9 to 22 rubles.

Thus, for example, in Moscow, charging the popular Tesla Model 3 model with a battery capacity of 75 kWh at a fast station will cost about 800 rubles, this is enough for a 300 km run, says Alexander Mironenko, Deputy General Director for development of  Punkt E (operator of EZ in Russia, including Moscow).

At the same time, about 230 charging stations have been installed within the framework of the Moscow Energy city program – electric vehicles are recharged free of charge.

Until recently, there was no single list of all the existing EСS in the city. For example, the Moscow Energy stations are integrated into the Moscow Transport mobile application, and the ECS Rushydro application is required to connect to the Rushydro charging stations. This fall, the Metropolitan Department of Transport began testing an application for electric vehicle owners that will bring together all charging station operators. It will be possible to find the nearest station, check its availability, start and complete the charging process.

"By developing infrastructure for electric vehicles, we are solving important tasks – reducing carbon dioxide emissions and supplying environmentally friendly electricity," the Moscow Department of Transport said. Currently, in Moscow, vehicles with internal combustion engines account for about 84% of the total amount of emissions into the atmosphere, Mosenergo PJSC stressed (it manages the ECS network in Russia, including in Moscow): "Whereas thermal generation facilities account for only about 2.5% of emissions."

The owners of electric cars themselves also benefit. Thus, in  November review by the International Leasing Company LeasePlan, it is stated that the operation of electric vehicles in most European countries is cheaper today than gasoline-powered cars. For example, in Denmark and Norway, the cost of 1 km is about 10% less, in Belgium – by 12%, in Portugal – by 30%.

At the same time, Vygon Consulting (an industry consultant on the development of the fuel and energy complex of Russia) estimated that in Moscow the total savings from owning an electric car for five years (with a mileage of 45,000 km) could be about 750,000 rubles.

In addition, owners of electric vehicles in Moscow are exempt from paying transport tax and can use street parking for free.

What prevents the installation of ECS

Now ECS are opening in places where citizens often leave their cars for a long time. In particular, you can put the car on charge in the parking lot of a business complex or shopping center, on the street near a cafe or grocery store, as well as in residential areas. According to current regulations, the installation of charging stations is allowed in any open areas where a parking space is provided, says Maria Spiridonova, a member of the Russian Bar Association. Also, according to her, EHS can be placed in open and closed parking lots. Until recently, this was not always possible. The installation of a gas station in an underground parking lot was a violation of fire safety standards until the spring of 2022, until a new set of rules approved by the Ministry of Emergency Situations came into force. The document fixed the possibility of recharging electric vehicles in an underground parking lot, but not below the minus of the first floor.

Since November of this year, another step has been taken towards easing. The new set of rules, approved by the Ministry of Construction, allows for the placement of ECS already at all levels of underground parking, and not only at minus one. But it is stipulated that this should be an exceptionally slow charge. It can be used in underground parking lots of business centers and residential complexes by putting an electric car on a charge for several hours and being in the office or at home at this time.

At the same time, other legislative norms may become an obstacle to the placement of gas stations on the territory of the house. For example, parking in the yard is a common property of all owners of the house. To install a charging station in the yard, it is necessary to hold a general meeting of all residents and obtain the consent of 2/3 of them, as provided for by the Housing Code. Moreover, the gas station installed in the courtyard is part of the common property and the costs for it are included in the payment for the living space.

Types of charging stations

Chargers vary in power. At slow stations (with a capacity of up to 22 kW), the average charging time of an electric vehicle is 2 hours. On fast ones (with a power of 50 kW or more) – up to 20 minutes. Accordingly, the latter can serve a larger number of electric vehicles. In Moscow, more than a third of the city's gas stations are fast. In a number of countries, there is a large proportion of private homes where citizens install individual chargers, less often using public ones. Therefore, for example, in the USA the ratio of electric vehicles per charger is 24, and in Norway it is more than 30.

Meanwhile, it is slow charging near the house, which can be used at night, that is in demand today, according to PJSC ROSSETI (it manages the ECS network in a number of regions of Russia, including Moscow). "The second most popular location is in the city near the offices where people work or spend the most time," the company said. For the active development of the charging infrastructure, it is necessary to facilitate the installation of charging stations in the parking lots of apartment buildings, eliminating the need for a general meeting of owners. This can simultaneously increase the convenience of owning an electric car, increase the efficiency of power grids and generation due to night charging, reduce the load on public charging stations. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Construction has already prescribed in regulations that during the construction of new residential buildings at least 5% of parking spaces should be equipped with charging stations.

Source: https://www.vedomosti.ru/gorod/ourcity/articles/moskva-gotovitsya-podzaryaditsya?utm_campaign=vedomosti_teaser_300x600&utm_content=moskva-gotovitsya-podzaryaditsya&utm_medium=teaser&utm_source=vedomosti.ru